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Emerging Diseases

Apart from basal stem rot disease, oil palm is also affected by other diseases. These diseases were currently considered as minor and emerging diseases in oil palm cultivation in Malaysia such as bunch rot, wet stem rot, leaf spot disease and orange spotting.

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Emerging Diseases

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Field Diseases

Orange Spotting

Biology and Symptom

The disease transmitted by mechanical means in the most of their hosts. Spread of OS occurs naturally through seeds. Typical symptoms of OS are bright orange spotting on expanded leaflets of oil palm. In young fronds, the spots are interveinal, vary in shapes and the size is about 2-3 mm long. Meanwhile in older fronds, the spots coalesced into larger spot. OS palm generally stunted, bronze and orange colored from a distance, bear smaller or no bunches and presences as isolated palms.

Orange or yellow spotting with black center on leaves

Causal

The causal pathogen is Coconut cadang-cadang viroid, which is the smallest pathogen known. It has several variants which is observed with disease progression. All variants are infectious and the 246 variant was found frequently in the field.


Disease Management and Control

So far, CCCVd is not controlled as epidemiology of the pathogen is less understood. Elimination of infected tress is the only method considered effective in controlling the spread of CCCVd.

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Oil palm is the major commodity crop for Malaysia. It is important to ensure its sustainability by improving yield as well as protecting the crop from pest and diseases.

The implementation of The Malaysian Oil Palm Industry Biosecurity Plan will be our first step in protecting and preventing invasive pests, diseases or weeds from entering our country, thus securing the future of the oil palm industry in Malaysia.

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