Biology and Symptom
The disease transmitted by mechanical means in the most of their hosts. Spread of OS occurs naturally through seeds. Typical symptoms of OS are bright orange spotting on expanded leaflets of oil palm. In young fronds, the spots are interveinal, vary in shapes and the size is about 2-3 mm long. Meanwhile in older fronds, the spots coalesced into larger spot. OS palm generally stunted, bronze and orange colored from a distance, bear smaller or no bunches and presences as isolated palms.
Causal
The causal pathogen is Coconut cadang-cadang viroid, which is the smallest pathogen known. It has several variants which is observed with disease progression. All variants are infectious and the 246 variant was found frequently in the field.
Disease Management and Control
So far, CCCVd is not controlled as epidemiology of the pathogen is less understood. Elimination of infected tress is the only method considered effective in controlling the spread of CCCVd.